Midrash sa Mga Awit 69:1: Midrash Tehillim & Vayikra Rabbah

לַמְנַצֵּ֬חַ עַֽל־שׁוֹשַׁנִּ֬ים לְדָוִֽד׃

Para sa punong mang-aawit; sa Shoshanim. Ni David.

Midrash Tehillim

"For the Lord is righteous, He loves righteousness; the upright will see His face." Rabbi Judah bar Simon said, "Everyone hates his profession, but the Holy One, blessed be He, does not hate His profession, for the Lord is righteous, and He loves the righteous." And who are those who will see His face? Seven classes who are destined to stand in the future before the Holy One, blessed be He. And what is the excellent class among them who receive the divine presence? It is the class of the upright, as it is said, "The upright will see His face." And it is written elsewhere, "The upright shall sit before Your face." It should have said, "The upright will see Your face." What is the meaning of "The upright will see His face"? Before the world was created, the upright saw the divine presence. Another interpretation: "The upright will see His face" - these are the seven classes of the righteous, as it is written, "And the wise shall shine like the brightness of the firmament," like the sun and moon, like the stars, lightning, roses, and torches. "Like the sun," as it is said, "And His lovers are as the sun when it goes forth in its might." "Like the moon," as it is said, "And as the moon is established forever." "Like the stars," as it is said, "And they that are wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament." "Like lightning," as it is said, "They shall run like the lightning." "Like roses," as it is said, "To the chief Musician upon Shoshannim." "Like torches," as it is said, "Their appearance is as torches." And the first class sits before the King and sees the King and His face, as it is said, "The upright shall sit before Your face." And it says, "The upright will see His face." The second class is "Happy are they that dwell in Your house." The third is "Who shall ascend into the hill of the Lord?" The fourth is "Happy is the man whom You choose." The fifth is "Lord, who shall abide in Your tabernacle?" The sixth is "Who shall dwell on Your holy hill?" The seventh is "And who shall stand in His holy place?" And all... "And opposite them are seven apartments in Gehinnom, and these are: Sheol, Abaddon, the Valley of Similarity, Tzelmoth, the Netherworld, and the Land of Dryness. Behold, there are seven apartments for the wicked and the righteous, each according to their deeds in their own apartments. They said that Ish Tzrorot, the nephew of Rabbi Yosi ben Yo'ezer, was a man of Tsoridah who rode on a horse and went before the king and went out to execute criminals. He said to his horse, "Some of you, my horse, are ridden by a master who is harsh, and some of you are ridden by a master who is gentle." He said to his provokers, "All the more so for those who do His will." He said to him, "But does not man do His will more than you?" He said to him, "All the more so for those who do His will." The matter entered him like the straw of an innkeeper, and he went and fulfilled four death sentences of the court by himself. What did he do? He brought a beam, planted it in the ground, tied Nimah to it, set up wood, surrounded it with a stone fence, and made a furnace in front of him. He stuck the sword in the middle, lit the fire under the stones, hung on the beam, strangled, and Nimah fell into the fire and the sword turned over the stone fence. Rabbi Yosi ben Yo'ezer was surprised and saw his bed floating in the air. He said, "Behold, they have prepared a place for me in the Garden of Eden.
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Vayikra Rabbah

Another matter: “You shall take for you” – that is what is written: “Inform me of the way of life, abundant joy” (Psalms 16:11). David said before the Holy One blessed be He: Inform me which gate leads directly to life in the World to Come. Rabbi Yudan said: The Holy One blessed be He said to David: If it is life that you need, you need suffering [yisurin], as it is written: “Rebukes of admonition [musar] are the way of life” (Proverbs 6:23).
“Abundant joy [sova semaḥot]” (Psalms 16:11) – He satisfied us [sabenu] with five joys [semaḥot]: Bible, Mishna, Talmud, Tosefta, and aggada. Alternatively, “abundant joy in Your presence” (Psalms 16:11) – these are the seven groups of righteous people who are destined to receive the Divine Presence, and their faces are similar to the sun, the moon, the firmament, the stars, lightning, lilies, and the pure candelabrum8The candelabrum that was made of pure gold. that was in the Temple. To the sun, from where is it derived? As it is stated: “Pure like the sun” (Song of Songs 6:10). The moon, from where is it derived? As it is stated: “Fair like the moon” (Song of Songs 6:10). The firmament, from where is it derived? As it is stated: “The wise will shine like the radiance of the firmament” (Daniel 12:3). The stars, from where is it derived? As it is written: “Those who lead the multitudes to righteousness, like the stars, forever and ever” (Daniel 12:3). Lightning, from where is it derived? As it is stated: “Their appearance is like torches, they romp like lightning” (Nahum 2:5). Lilies, from where is it derived? As it is stated: “For the conductor, for lilies” (Psalms 45:1). The pure candelabrum, from where is it derived? As it is stated: “He said to me: What do you see? I said: I saw, and behold, a candelabrum of gold in its entirety” (Zechariah 4:2).
“Eternal pleasure [ne’imot] is by Your right hand” (Psalms 16:11). Who will inform us which group is the most beloved and delightful [hane’ima] among them? There are two amora’im; one said: The one that comes from the power of Torah and from the power of mitzvot. The other said: These are the Bible teachers and the Mishna teachers, who teach children accurately, as they are destined to stand to the right of the Holy One blessed be He. That is what is written: “Eternal pleasure is by Your right hand.”
Another matter: “Sova semaḥot” (Psalms 16:11) – do not read it so, but rather, as “seven [sheva] celebrations [semaḥot]”; these are the seven mitzvot of the festival of Sukkot, and these are: The four species of the palm branch, sukka, the festival peace offerings, and the peace offerings of rejoicing. If [one brings] festival offerings, why [also] offerings of rejoicing; if offerings of rejoicing, why festival offerings? Rabbi Avin said: This is analogous to two [litigants] who came before a judge and we do not know who prevailed. But if one comes and takes palm branches in his hand we know that he is the one who prevailed. So, Israel and the nations of the world litigate before the Holy One blessed be He on Rosh HaShana, and we do not know who prevailed. But when Israel emerges from before the Holy One blessed be He with their palm branches and their citrons in their hands, we know that it is Israel that emerged victorious. Therefore, Moses exhorts Israel and says to them: “You shall take for you on the first day.”
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Midrash Tehillim

To the conductor, upon shoshanim. Save me, God, for the waters have come up to my neck. Solomon says in the Song of Songs, "How beautiful and pleasant you are, love." Israel, fair and comely, stood by the sea and saw the glory of the Lord. They became upright when He gave them the Torah, as it is written, "He stores up sound wisdom for the upright" (Proverbs 2:7). And it says, "Do good, O Lord, to those who are good, and to those who are upright in their hearts" (Psalm 125:4). When they saw Him enter the Tent of Meeting, they became righteous, as it says, "Shout with joy, you righteous ones, before the Lord" (Psalm 33:1). And when they saw Him on the sea, they became roses, as it says, "To the conductor, upon shoshanim." When is this? When the waters have come up to the neck.
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